بازدان بۆ ناوەڕۆک

8. This, that and question words

🟢 سەرەتایی · وانەی ٨ لە ٢٣

ئەم پەڕەیە ئێستا بە ئینگلیزییە.

This and that

Sorani frames the noun between a demonstrative before it and the ending -ە (after a vowel -یە) after it:

singularplural
thisئەم … ەئەم … انە
thatئەو … ەئەو … انە
nounmeaningbare (generic)ئەم / ئەو … ە
پیاوmanپیاو
pyaw
پیاوە
pyawe
کتێبbookکتێب
kitêb
کتێبە
kitêbe
دەرگاdoorدەرگا
derga
دەرگایە
dergaye
ماسیfishماسی
masî
ماسییە
masîye
خانەhouse, roomخانە
xane
خانەیە
xaneye
#KurdishLatinIPAEnglish
1ئەم کتێبە باشە.em kitêbe başe./ʔæm k(ɯ)teːbæ baːʃæ/This book is good.
2ئەو پیاوە مامۆستایە.ew pyawe mamostaye./ʔæw pjaːwæ maːmoːstaːjæ/That man is a teacher.
3ئەم پیاوانە کوردن.em pyawane kurdin./ʔæm pjaːwaːnæ kuɾd(ɯ)n/These men are Kurds.
4ئەو دەرگایە داخە.ew dergaye daxe./ʔæw dæɾɡaːjæ daːxæ/Close that door.

With time words ئەم joins the word: ئەمڕۆ, ئەمشەو, ئەمساڵ, ئەمجار. If an ending follows, write them apart: ئەم جارە.

Used alone (without a noun), this and that are pronouns:

singularplural
this (one)ئەمەئەمانە
that (one)ئەوەئەوانە

ئەمە چییە؟ What is this?, ئەوە کتێبە. That is a book.

Question words

wordLatinmeaning
کێkêwho
چیçîwhat
کامkamwhich
چۆنçonhow
کەیkeywhen
بۆچیboçîwhy
لەکوێlekwêwhere
کواkwawhere is …?
چەندçendhow many, how much

The question word usually stands where the answer would be, which is often just before the verb:

#KurdishLatinEnglish
1ئەوە کێیە؟ewe kêye?Who is that?
2ئەمە چییە؟eme çîye?What is this?
3ناوت چییە؟nawt çîye?What is your name?
4لەکوێ دەژیت؟lekwê dejît?Where do you live?
5بۆچی هاتیت؟boçî hatît?Why did you come?
6چەند کتێبت هەیە؟çend kitêbit heye?How many books do you have?

Practice

  1. Say this woman and those women.
  2. Ask Who is this man?
Answers
  1. ئەم ژنە, ئەو ژنانە
  2. ئەم پیاوە کێیە؟

Summary

  • this / that + noun: ئەم / ئەو … ە (plural … انە).
  • Alone: ئەمە، ئەوە، ئەمانە، ئەوانە.
  • Question words go where the answer would be.