vekirin: to open
ئەم پەڕەیە ئێستا بە ئینگلیزییە.
| infinitive | vekirin (ڤەکرن) /vɛkɪɾɯn/ |
|---|---|
| meaning | to open |
| present stem | k |
| past stem | kir |
| transitivity | transitive, ergative in past tenses |
| preverb | ve |
Present-stem forms
| person | pronoun | Present | Present negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | vedikim ڤەدکم /vɛdɪkɯm/ | venakim ڤەناکم /vɛnaːkɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | vedikî ڤەدکی /vɛdɪkiː/ | venakî ڤەناکی /vɛnaːkiː/ |
| 3sg | ew | vedike ڤەدکە /vɛdɪkɛ/ | venake ڤەناکە /vɛnaːkɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | vedikin ڤەدکن /vɛdɪkɯn/ | venakin ڤەناکن /vɛnaːkɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | vedikin ڤەدکن /vɛdɪkɯn/ | venakin ڤەناکن /vɛnaːkɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | vedikin ڤەدکن /vɛdɪkɯn/ | venakin ڤەناکن /vɛnaːkɯn/ |
Subjunctive
| person | pronoun | Subjunctive | Subjunctive negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | vekim ڤەکم /vɛkɯm/ | venekim ڤەنەکم /vɛnɛkɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | vekî ڤەکی /vɛkiː/ | venekî ڤەنەکی /vɛnɛkiː/ |
| 3sg | ew | veke ڤەکە /vɛkɛ/ | veneke ڤەنەکە /vɛnɛkɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | vekin ڤەکن /vɛkɯn/ | venekin ڤەنەکن /vɛnɛkɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | vekin ڤەکن /vɛkɯn/ | venekin ڤەنەکن /vɛnɛkɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | vekin ڤەکن /vɛkɯn/ | venekin ڤەنەکن /vɛnɛkɯn/ |
Simple past
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Simple past | Past negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | vekirim ڤەکرم /vɛkɪɾɯm/ | venekirim ڤەنەکرم /vɛnɛkɪɾɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | vekirî ڤەکری /vɛkɪɾiː/ | venekirî ڤەنەکری /vɛnɛkɪɾiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | vekir ڤەکر /vɛkɯɾ/ | venekir ڤەنەکر /vɛnɛkɯɾ/ |
| 1pl | me | em | vekirin ڤەکرن /vɛkɪɾɯn/ | venekirin ڤەنەکرن /vɛnɛkɪɾɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | vekirin ڤەکرن /vɛkɪɾɯn/ | venekirin ڤەنەکرن /vɛnɛkɪɾɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | vekirin ڤەکرن /vɛkɪɾɯn/ | venekirin ڤەنەکرن /vɛnɛkɪɾɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Past progressive
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Past progressive | Past progressive negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | vedikirim ڤەدکرم /vɛdɪkɪɾɯm/ | venedikirim ڤەنەدکرم /vɛnɛdɪkɪɾɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | vedikirî ڤەدکری /vɛdɪkɪɾiː/ | venedikirî ڤەنەدکری /vɛnɛdɪkɪɾiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | vedikir ڤەدکر /vɛdɪkɯɾ/ | venedikir ڤەنەدکر /vɛnɛdɪkɯɾ/ |
| 1pl | me | em | vedikirin ڤەدکرن /vɛdɪkɪɾɯn/ | venedikirin ڤەنەدکرن /vɛnɛdɪkɪɾɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | vedikirin ڤەدکرن /vɛdɪkɪɾɯn/ | venedikirin ڤەنەدکرن /vɛnɛdɪkɪɾɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | vedikirin ڤەدکرن /vɛdɪkɪɾɯn/ | venedikirin ڤەنەدکرن /vɛnɛdɪkɪɾɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Perfect tenses
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Present perfect | Past perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | vekirime ڤەکرمە /vɛkɪɾɪmɛ/ | vekiribûm ڤەکربووم /vɛkɪɾɪbuːm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | vekiriyî ڤەکریی /vɛkɪɾɪjiː/ | vekiribûyî ڤەکربوویی /vɛkɪɾɪbuːjiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | vekiriye ڤەکریە /vɛkɪɾɪjɛ/ | vekiribû ڤەکربوو /vɛkɪɾɪbuː/ |
| 1pl | me | em | vekirine ڤەکرنە /vɛkɪɾɪnɛ/ | vekiribûn ڤەکربوون /vɛkɪɾɪbuːn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | vekirine ڤەکرنە /vɛkɪɾɪnɛ/ | vekiribûn ڤەکربوون /vɛkɪɾɪbuːn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | vekirine ڤەکرنە /vɛkɪɾɪnɛ/ | vekiribûn ڤەکربوون /vɛkɪɾɪbuːn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Imperative
| person | pronoun | Imperative | Prohibitive |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2sg | tu | veke ڤەکە /vɛkɛ/ | veneke ڤەنەکە /vɛnɛkɛ/ |
| 2pl | hûn | vekin ڤەکن /vɛkɯn/ | venekin ڤەنەکن /vɛnɛkɯn/ |
Other forms
| form | Kurdish | Arabic script |
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | vekirin | ڤەکرن |
| past participle | vekirî | ڤەکری |