hiştin: to leave, to let
ئەم پەڕەیە ئێستا بە ئینگلیزییە.
| infinitive | hiştin (هشتن) /hɪʃtɯn/ |
|---|---|
| meaning | to leave, to let |
| present stem | hêl |
| past stem | hişt |
| transitivity | transitive, ergative in past tenses |
Present-stem forms
| person | pronoun | Present | Present negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | dihêlim دهێلم /dɪheːlɯm/ | nahêlim ناهێلم /naːheːlɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | dihêlî دهێلی /dɪheːliː/ | nahêlî ناهێلی /naːheːliː/ |
| 3sg | ew | dihêle دهێلە /dɪheːlɛ/ | nahêle ناهێلە /naːheːlɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | dihêlin دهێلن /dɪheːlɯn/ | nahêlin ناهێلن /naːheːlɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | dihêlin دهێلن /dɪheːlɯn/ | nahêlin ناهێلن /naːheːlɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | dihêlin دهێلن /dɪheːlɯn/ | nahêlin ناهێلن /naːheːlɯn/ |
Subjunctive
| person | pronoun | Subjunctive | Subjunctive negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | bihêlim بهێلم /bɪheːlɯm/ | nehêlim نەهێلم /nɛheːlɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | bihêlî بهێلی /bɪheːliː/ | nehêlî نەهێلی /nɛheːliː/ |
| 3sg | ew | bihêle بهێلە /bɪheːlɛ/ | nehêle نەهێلە /nɛheːlɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | bihêlin بهێلن /bɪheːlɯn/ | nehêlin نەهێلن /nɛheːlɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | bihêlin بهێلن /bɪheːlɯn/ | nehêlin نەهێلن /nɛheːlɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | bihêlin بهێلن /bɪheːlɯn/ | nehêlin نەهێلن /nɛheːlɯn/ |
Simple past
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Simple past | Past negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | hiştim هشتم /hɪʃtɯm/ | nehiştim نەهشتم /nɛhɪʃtɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | hiştî هشتی /hɪʃtiː/ | nehiştî نەهشتی /nɛhɪʃtiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | hişt هشت /hɪʃt/ | nehişt نەهشت /nɛhɯʃt/ |
| 1pl | me | em | hiştin هشتن /hɪʃtɯn/ | nehiştin نەهشتن /nɛhɪʃtɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | hiştin هشتن /hɪʃtɯn/ | nehiştin نەهشتن /nɛhɪʃtɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | hiştin هشتن /hɪʃtɯn/ | nehiştin نەهشتن /nɛhɪʃtɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Past progressive
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Past progressive | Past progressive negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | dihiştim دهشتم /dɪhɪʃtɯm/ | nedihiştim نەدهشتم /nɛdɪhɪʃtɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | dihiştî دهشتی /dɪhɪʃtiː/ | nedihiştî نەدهشتی /nɛdɪhɪʃtiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | dihişt دهشت /dɪhɯʃt/ | nedihişt نەدهشت /nɛdɪhɯʃt/ |
| 1pl | me | em | dihiştin دهشتن /dɪhɪʃtɯn/ | nedihiştin نەدهشتن /nɛdɪhɪʃtɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | dihiştin دهشتن /dɪhɪʃtɯn/ | nedihiştin نەدهشتن /nɛdɪhɪʃtɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | dihiştin دهشتن /dɪhɪʃtɯn/ | nedihiştin نەدهشتن /nɛdɪhɪʃtɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Perfect tenses
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Present perfect | Past perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | hiştime هشتمە /hɪʃtɪmɛ/ | hiştibûm هشتبووم /hɪʃtɪbuːm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | hiştiyî هشتیی /hɪʃtɪjiː/ | hiştibûyî هشتبوویی /hɪʃtɪbuːjiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | hiştiye هشتیە /hɪʃtɪjɛ/ | hiştibû هشتبوو /hɪʃtɪbuː/ |
| 1pl | me | em | hiştine هشتنە /hɪʃtɪnɛ/ | hiştibûn هشتبوون /hɪʃtɪbuːn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | hiştine هشتنە /hɪʃtɪnɛ/ | hiştibûn هشتبوون /hɪʃtɪbuːn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | hiştine هشتنە /hɪʃtɪnɛ/ | hiştibûn هشتبوون /hɪʃtɪbuːn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Imperative
| person | pronoun | Imperative | Prohibitive |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2sg | tu | bihêle بهێلە /bɪheːlɛ/ | nehêle نەهێلە /nɛheːlɛ/ |
| 2pl | hûn | bihêlin بهێلن /bɪheːlɯn/ | nehêlin نەهێلن /nɛheːlɯn/ |
Other forms
| form | Kurdish | Arabic script |
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | hiştin | هشتن |
| past participle | hiştî | هشتی |