lêxistin: to hit, to strike
| infinitive | lêxistin (لێخستن) /leːxɪstɯn/ |
|---|---|
| meaning | to hit, to strike |
| present stem | x |
| past stem | xist |
| transitivity | transitive, ergative in past tenses |
| preverb | lê |
Present-stem forms
| person | pronoun | Present | Present negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | lêdixim لێدخم /leːdɪxɯm/ | lênaxim لێناخم /leːnaːxɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | lêdixî لێدخی /leːdɪxiː/ | lênaxî لێناخی /leːnaːxiː/ |
| 3sg | ew | lêdixe لێدخە /leːdɪxɛ/ | lênaxe لێناخە /leːnaːxɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | lêdixin لێدخن /leːdɪxɯn/ | lênaxin لێناخن /leːnaːxɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | lêdixin لێدخن /leːdɪxɯn/ | lênaxin لێناخن /leːnaːxɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | lêdixin لێدخن /leːdɪxɯn/ | lênaxin لێناخن /leːnaːxɯn/ |
Subjunctive
| person | pronoun | Subjunctive | Subjunctive negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | lêxim لێخم /leːxɯm/ | lênexim لێنەخم /leːnɛxɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | lêxî لێخی /leːxiː/ | lênexî لێنەخی /leːnɛxiː/ |
| 3sg | ew | lêxe لێخە /leːxɛ/ | lênexe لێنەخە /leːnɛxɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | lêxin لێخن /leːxɯn/ | lênexin لێنەخن /leːnɛxɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | lêxin لێخن /leːxɯn/ | lênexin لێنەخن /leːnɛxɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | lêxin لێخن /leːxɯn/ | lênexin لێنەخن /leːnɛxɯn/ |
Simple past
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Simple past | Past negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | lêxistim لێخستم /leːxɪstɯm/ | lênexistim لێنەخستم /leːnɛxɪstɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | lêxistî لێخستی /leːxɪstiː/ | lênexistî لێنەخستی /leːnɛxɪstiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | lêxist لێخست /leːxɯst/ | lênexist لێنەخست /leːnɛxɯst/ |
| 1pl | me | em | lêxistin لێخستن /leːxɪstɯn/ | lênexistin لێنەخستن /leːnɛxɪstɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | lêxistin لێخستن /leːxɪstɯn/ | lênexistin لێنەخستن /leːnɛxɪstɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | lêxistin لێخستن /leːxɪstɯn/ | lênexistin لێنەخستن /leːnɛxɪstɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Past progressive
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Past progressive | Past progressive negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | lêdixistim لێدخستم /leːdɪxɪstɯm/ | lênedixistim لێنەدخستم /leːnɛdɪxɪstɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | lêdixistî لێدخستی /leːdɪxɪstiː/ | lênedixistî لێنەدخستی /leːnɛdɪxɪstiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | lêdixist لێدخست /leːdɪxɯst/ | lênedixist لێنەدخست /leːnɛdɪxɯst/ |
| 1pl | me | em | lêdixistin لێدخستن /leːdɪxɪstɯn/ | lênedixistin لێنەدخستن /leːnɛdɪxɪstɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | lêdixistin لێدخستن /leːdɪxɪstɯn/ | lênedixistin لێنەدخستن /leːnɛdɪxɪstɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | lêdixistin لێدخستن /leːdɪxɪstɯn/ | lênedixistin لێنەدخستن /leːnɛdɪxɪstɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Perfect tenses
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Present perfect | Past perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | lêxistime لێخستمە /leːxɪstɪmɛ/ | lêxistibûm لێخستبووم /leːxɪstɪbuːm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | lêxistiyî لێخستیی /leːxɪstɪjiː/ | lêxistibûyî لێخستبوویی /leːxɪstɪbuːjiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | lêxistiye لێخستیە /leːxɪstɪjɛ/ | lêxistibû لێخستبوو /leːxɪstɪbuː/ |
| 1pl | me | em | lêxistine لێخستنە /leːxɪstɪnɛ/ | lêxistibûn لێخستبوون /leːxɪstɪbuːn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | lêxistine لێخستنە /leːxɪstɪnɛ/ | lêxistibûn لێخستبوون /leːxɪstɪbuːn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | lêxistine لێخستنە /leːxɪstɪnɛ/ | lêxistibûn لێخستبوون /leːxɪstɪbuːn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Imperative
| person | pronoun | Imperative | Prohibitive |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2sg | tu | lêxe لێخە /leːxɛ/ | lênexe لێنەخە /leːnɛxɛ/ |
| 2pl | hûn | lêxin لێخن /leːxɯn/ | lênexin لێنەخن /leːnɛxɯn/ |
Other forms
| form | Kurdish | Arabic script |
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | lêxistin | لێخستن |
| past participle | lêxistî | لێخستی |