guhertin: to change
| infinitive | guhertin (گوهەرتن) /ɡʊhɛɾtɯn/ |
|---|---|
| meaning | to change |
| present stem | guher |
| past stem | guhert |
| transitivity | transitive, ergative in past tenses |
Present-stem forms
| person | pronoun | Present | Present negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | diguherim دگوهەرم /dɪɡʊhɛɾɯm/ | naguherim ناگوهەرم /naːɡʊhɛɾɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | diguherî دگوهەری /dɪɡʊhɛɾiː/ | naguherî ناگوهەری /naːɡʊhɛɾiː/ |
| 3sg | ew | diguhere دگوهەرە /dɪɡʊhɛɾɛ/ | naguhere ناگوهەرە /naːɡʊhɛɾɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | diguherin دگوهەرن /dɪɡʊhɛɾɯn/ | naguherin ناگوهەرن /naːɡʊhɛɾɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | diguherin دگوهەرن /dɪɡʊhɛɾɯn/ | naguherin ناگوهەرن /naːɡʊhɛɾɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | diguherin دگوهەرن /dɪɡʊhɛɾɯn/ | naguherin ناگوهەرن /naːɡʊhɛɾɯn/ |
Subjunctive
| person | pronoun | Subjunctive | Subjunctive negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | biguherim بگوهەرم /bɪɡʊhɛɾɯm/ | neguherim نەگوهەرم /nɛɡʊhɛɾɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | biguherî بگوهەری /bɪɡʊhɛɾiː/ | neguherî نەگوهەری /nɛɡʊhɛɾiː/ |
| 3sg | ew | biguhere بگوهەرە /bɪɡʊhɛɾɛ/ | neguhere نەگوهەرە /nɛɡʊhɛɾɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | biguherin بگوهەرن /bɪɡʊhɛɾɯn/ | neguherin نەگوهەرن /nɛɡʊhɛɾɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | biguherin بگوهەرن /bɪɡʊhɛɾɯn/ | neguherin نەگوهەرن /nɛɡʊhɛɾɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | biguherin بگوهەرن /bɪɡʊhɛɾɯn/ | neguherin نەگوهەرن /nɛɡʊhɛɾɯn/ |
Simple past
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Simple past | Past negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | guhertim گوهەرتم /ɡʊhɛɾtɯm/ | neguhertim نەگوهەرتم /nɛɡʊhɛɾtɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | guhertî گوهەرتی /ɡʊhɛɾtiː/ | neguhertî نەگوهەرتی /nɛɡʊhɛɾtiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | guhert گوهەرت /ɡʊhɛɾt/ | neguhert نەگوهەرت /nɛɡʊhɛɾt/ |
| 1pl | me | em | guhertin گوهەرتن /ɡʊhɛɾtɯn/ | neguhertin نەگوهەرتن /nɛɡʊhɛɾtɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | guhertin گوهەرتن /ɡʊhɛɾtɯn/ | neguhertin نەگوهەرتن /nɛɡʊhɛɾtɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | guhertin گوهەرتن /ɡʊhɛɾtɯn/ | neguhertin نەگوهەرتن /nɛɡʊhɛɾtɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Past progressive
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Past progressive | Past progressive negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | diguhertim دگوهەرتم /dɪɡʊhɛɾtɯm/ | nediguhertim نەدگوهەرتم /nɛdɪɡʊhɛɾtɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | diguhertî دگوهەرتی /dɪɡʊhɛɾtiː/ | nediguhertî نەدگوهەرتی /nɛdɪɡʊhɛɾtiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | diguhert دگوهەرت /dɪɡʊhɛɾt/ | nediguhert نەدگوهەرت /nɛdɪɡʊhɛɾt/ |
| 1pl | me | em | diguhertin دگوهەرتن /dɪɡʊhɛɾtɯn/ | nediguhertin نەدگوهەرتن /nɛdɪɡʊhɛɾtɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | diguhertin دگوهەرتن /dɪɡʊhɛɾtɯn/ | nediguhertin نەدگوهەرتن /nɛdɪɡʊhɛɾtɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | diguhertin دگوهەرتن /dɪɡʊhɛɾtɯn/ | nediguhertin نەدگوهەرتن /nɛdɪɡʊhɛɾtɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Perfect tenses
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Present perfect | Past perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | guhertime گوهەرتمە /ɡʊhɛɾtɪmɛ/ | guhertibûm گوهەرتبووم /ɡʊhɛɾtɪbuːm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | guhertiyî گوهەرتیی /ɡʊhɛɾtɪjiː/ | guhertibûyî گوهەرتبوویی /ɡʊhɛɾtɪbuːjiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | guhertiye گوهەرتیە /ɡʊhɛɾtɪjɛ/ | guhertibû گوهەرتبوو /ɡʊhɛɾtɪbuː/ |
| 1pl | me | em | guhertine گوهەرتنە /ɡʊhɛɾtɪnɛ/ | guhertibûn گوهەرتبوون /ɡʊhɛɾtɪbuːn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | guhertine گوهەرتنە /ɡʊhɛɾtɪnɛ/ | guhertibûn گوهەرتبوون /ɡʊhɛɾtɪbuːn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | guhertine گوهەرتنە /ɡʊhɛɾtɪnɛ/ | guhertibûn گوهەرتبوون /ɡʊhɛɾtɪbuːn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Imperative
| person | pronoun | Imperative | Prohibitive |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2sg | tu | biguhere بگوهەرە /bɪɡʊhɛɾɛ/ | neguhere نەگوهەرە /nɛɡʊhɛɾɛ/ |
| 2pl | hûn | biguherin بگوهەرن /bɪɡʊhɛɾɯn/ | neguherin نەگوهەرن /nɛɡʊhɛɾɯn/ |
Other forms
| form | Kurdish | Arabic script |
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | guhertin | گوهەرتن |
| past participle | guhertî | گوهەرتی |