hinartin:
Ev rûpel niha bi îngilîzî ye.
| infinitive | hinartin (هنارتن) /hɪnaːɾtɯn/ |
|---|---|
| meaning | to send |
| present stem | hinêr |
| past stem | hinart |
| transitivity | transitive, ergative in past tenses |
Present-stem forms
| person | pronoun | Present | Present negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | dihinêrim دهنێرم /dɪhɪneːɾɯm/ | nahinêrim ناهنێرم /naːhɪneːɾɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | dihinêrî دهنێری /dɪhɪneːɾiː/ | nahinêrî ناهنێری /naːhɪneːɾiː/ |
| 3sg | ew | dihinêre دهنێرە /dɪhɪneːɾɛ/ | nahinêre ناهنێرە /naːhɪneːɾɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | dihinêrin دهنێرن /dɪhɪneːɾɯn/ | nahinêrin ناهنێرن /naːhɪneːɾɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | dihinêrin دهنێرن /dɪhɪneːɾɯn/ | nahinêrin ناهنێرن /naːhɪneːɾɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | dihinêrin دهنێرن /dɪhɪneːɾɯn/ | nahinêrin ناهنێرن /naːhɪneːɾɯn/ |
Subjunctive
| person | pronoun | Subjunctive | Subjunctive negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | bihinêrim بهنێرم /bɪhɪneːɾɯm/ | nehinêrim نەهنێرم /nɛhɪneːɾɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | bihinêrî بهنێری /bɪhɪneːɾiː/ | nehinêrî نەهنێری /nɛhɪneːɾiː/ |
| 3sg | ew | bihinêre بهنێرە /bɪhɪneːɾɛ/ | nehinêre نەهنێرە /nɛhɪneːɾɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | bihinêrin بهنێرن /bɪhɪneːɾɯn/ | nehinêrin نەهنێرن /nɛhɪneːɾɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | bihinêrin بهنێرن /bɪhɪneːɾɯn/ | nehinêrin نەهنێرن /nɛhɪneːɾɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | bihinêrin بهنێرن /bɪhɪneːɾɯn/ | nehinêrin نەهنێرن /nɛhɪneːɾɯn/ |
Simple past
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Simple past | Past negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | hinartim هنارتم /hɪnaːɾtɯm/ | nehinartim نەهنارتم /nɛhɪnaːɾtɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | hinartî هنارتی /hɪnaːɾtiː/ | nehinartî نەهنارتی /nɛhɪnaːɾtiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | hinart هنارت /hɪnaːɾt/ | nehinart نەهنارت /nɛhɪnaːɾt/ |
| 1pl | me | em | hinartin هنارتن /hɪnaːɾtɯn/ | nehinartin نەهنارتن /nɛhɪnaːɾtɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | hinartin هنارتن /hɪnaːɾtɯn/ | nehinartin نەهنارتن /nɛhɪnaːɾtɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | hinartin هنارتن /hɪnaːɾtɯn/ | nehinartin نەهنارتن /nɛhɪnaːɾtɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Past progressive
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Past progressive | Past progressive negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | dihinartim دهنارتم /dɪhɪnaːɾtɯm/ | nedihinartim نەدهنارتم /nɛdɪhɪnaːɾtɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | dihinartî دهنارتی /dɪhɪnaːɾtiː/ | nedihinartî نەدهنارتی /nɛdɪhɪnaːɾtiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | dihinart دهنارت /dɪhɪnaːɾt/ | nedihinart نەدهنارت /nɛdɪhɪnaːɾt/ |
| 1pl | me | em | dihinartin دهنارتن /dɪhɪnaːɾtɯn/ | nedihinartin نەدهنارتن /nɛdɪhɪnaːɾtɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | dihinartin دهنارتن /dɪhɪnaːɾtɯn/ | nedihinartin نەدهنارتن /nɛdɪhɪnaːɾtɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | dihinartin دهنارتن /dɪhɪnaːɾtɯn/ | nedihinartin نەدهنارتن /nɛdɪhɪnaːɾtɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Perfect tenses
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Present perfect | Past perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | hinartime هنارتمە /hɪnaːɾtɪmɛ/ | hinartibûm هنارتبووم /hɪnaːɾtɪbuːm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | hinartiyî هنارتیی /hɪnaːɾtɪjiː/ | hinartibûyî هنارتبوویی /hɪnaːɾtɪbuːjiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | hinartiye هنارتیە /hɪnaːɾtɪjɛ/ | hinartibû هنارتبوو /hɪnaːɾtɪbuː/ |
| 1pl | me | em | hinartine هنارتنە /hɪnaːɾtɪnɛ/ | hinartibûn هنارتبوون /hɪnaːɾtɪbuːn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | hinartine هنارتنە /hɪnaːɾtɪnɛ/ | hinartibûn هنارتبوون /hɪnaːɾtɪbuːn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | hinartine هنارتنە /hɪnaːɾtɪnɛ/ | hinartibûn هنارتبوون /hɪnaːɾtɪbuːn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Imperative
| person | pronoun | Imperative | Prohibitive |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2sg | tu | bihinêre بهنێرە /bɪhɪneːɾɛ/ | nehinêre نەهنێرە /nɛhɪneːɾɛ/ |
| 2pl | hûn | bihinêrin بهنێرن /bɪhɪneːɾɯn/ | nehinêrin نەهنێرن /nɛhɪneːɾɯn/ |
Other forms
| form | Kurdish | Arabic script |
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | hinartin | هنارتن |
| past participle | hinartî | هنارتی |