hilgirtin: to pick up, to lift
Ev rûpel niha bi îngilîzî ye.
| infinitive | hilgirtin (هلگرتن) /hɪlɡɪɾtɯn/ |
|---|---|
| meaning | to pick up, to lift |
| present stem | gir |
| past stem | girt |
| transitivity | transitive, ergative in past tenses |
| preverb | hil |
Present-stem forms
| person | pronoun | Present | Present negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | hildigirim هلدگرم /hɪldɪɡɪɾɯm/ | hilnagirim هلناگرم /hɪlnaːɡɪɾɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | hildigirî هلدگری /hɪldɪɡɪɾiː/ | hilnagirî هلناگری /hɪlnaːɡɪɾiː/ |
| 3sg | ew | hildigire هلدگرە /hɪldɪɡɪɾɛ/ | hilnagire هلناگرە /hɪlnaːɡɪɾɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | hildigirin هلدگرن /hɪldɪɡɪɾɯn/ | hilnagirin هلناگرن /hɪlnaːɡɪɾɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | hildigirin هلدگرن /hɪldɪɡɪɾɯn/ | hilnagirin هلناگرن /hɪlnaːɡɪɾɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | hildigirin هلدگرن /hɪldɪɡɪɾɯn/ | hilnagirin هلناگرن /hɪlnaːɡɪɾɯn/ |
Subjunctive
| person | pronoun | Subjunctive | Subjunctive negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | hilgirim هلگرم /hɪlɡɪɾɯm/ | hilnegirim هلنەگرم /hɪlnɛɡɪɾɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | hilgirî هلگری /hɪlɡɪɾiː/ | hilnegirî هلنەگری /hɪlnɛɡɪɾiː/ |
| 3sg | ew | hilgire هلگرە /hɪlɡɪɾɛ/ | hilnegire هلنەگرە /hɪlnɛɡɪɾɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | hilgirin هلگرن /hɪlɡɪɾɯn/ | hilnegirin هلنەگرن /hɪlnɛɡɪɾɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | hilgirin هلگرن /hɪlɡɪɾɯn/ | hilnegirin هلنەگرن /hɪlnɛɡɪɾɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | hilgirin هلگرن /hɪlɡɪɾɯn/ | hilnegirin هلنەگرن /hɪlnɛɡɪɾɯn/ |
Simple past
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Simple past | Past negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | hilgirtim هلگرتم /hɪlɡɪɾtɯm/ | hilnegirtim هلنەگرتم /hɪlnɛɡɪɾtɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | hilgirtî هلگرتی /hɪlɡɪɾtiː/ | hilnegirtî هلنەگرتی /hɪlnɛɡɪɾtiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | hilgirt هلگرت /hɪlɡɯɾt/ | hilnegirt هلنەگرت /hɪlnɛɡɯɾt/ |
| 1pl | me | em | hilgirtin هلگرتن /hɪlɡɪɾtɯn/ | hilnegirtin هلنەگرتن /hɪlnɛɡɪɾtɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | hilgirtin هلگرتن /hɪlɡɪɾtɯn/ | hilnegirtin هلنەگرتن /hɪlnɛɡɪɾtɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | hilgirtin هلگرتن /hɪlɡɪɾtɯn/ | hilnegirtin هلنەگرتن /hɪlnɛɡɪɾtɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Past progressive
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Past progressive | Past progressive negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | hildigirtim هلدگرتم /hɪldɪɡɪɾtɯm/ | hilnedigirtim هلنەدگرتم /hɪlnɛdɪɡɪɾtɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | hildigirtî هلدگرتی /hɪldɪɡɪɾtiː/ | hilnedigirtî هلنەدگرتی /hɪlnɛdɪɡɪɾtiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | hildigirt هلدگرت /hɪldɪɡɯɾt/ | hilnedigirt هلنەدگرت /hɪlnɛdɪɡɯɾt/ |
| 1pl | me | em | hildigirtin هلدگرتن /hɪldɪɡɪɾtɯn/ | hilnedigirtin هلنەدگرتن /hɪlnɛdɪɡɪɾtɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | hildigirtin هلدگرتن /hɪldɪɡɪɾtɯn/ | hilnedigirtin هلنەدگرتن /hɪlnɛdɪɡɪɾtɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | hildigirtin هلدگرتن /hɪldɪɡɪɾtɯn/ | hilnedigirtin هلنەدگرتن /hɪlnɛdɪɡɪɾtɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Perfect tenses
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Present perfect | Past perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | hilgirtime هلگرتمە /hɪlɡɪɾtɪmɛ/ | hilgirtibûm هلگرتبووم /hɪlɡɪɾtɪbuːm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | hilgirtiyî هلگرتیی /hɪlɡɪɾtɪjiː/ | hilgirtibûyî هلگرتبوویی /hɪlɡɪɾtɪbuːjiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | hilgirtiye هلگرتیە /hɪlɡɪɾtɪjɛ/ | hilgirtibû هلگرتبوو /hɪlɡɪɾtɪbuː/ |
| 1pl | me | em | hilgirtine هلگرتنە /hɪlɡɪɾtɪnɛ/ | hilgirtibûn هلگرتبوون /hɪlɡɪɾtɪbuːn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | hilgirtine هلگرتنە /hɪlɡɪɾtɪnɛ/ | hilgirtibûn هلگرتبوون /hɪlɡɪɾtɪbuːn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | hilgirtine هلگرتنە /hɪlɡɪɾtɪnɛ/ | hilgirtibûn هلگرتبوون /hɪlɡɪɾtɪbuːn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Imperative
| person | pronoun | Imperative | Prohibitive |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2sg | tu | hilgire هلگرە /hɪlɡɪɾɛ/ | hilnegire هلنەگرە /hɪlnɛɡɪɾɛ/ |
| 2pl | hûn | hilgirin هلگرن /hɪlɡɪɾɯn/ | hilnegirin هلنەگرن /hɪlnɛɡɪɾɯn/ |
Other forms
| form | Kurdish | Arabic script |
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | hilgirtin | هلگرتن |
| past participle | hilgirtî | هلگرتی |