firotin: to sell
Ev rûpel niha bi îngilîzî ye.
| infinitive | firotin (فرۆتن) /fɪɾoːtɯn/ |
|---|---|
| meaning | to sell |
| present stem | firoş |
| past stem | firot |
| transitivity | transitive, ergative in past tenses |
Present-stem forms
| person | pronoun | Present | Present negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | difiroşim دفرۆشم /dɪfɪɾoːʃɯm/ | nafiroşim نافرۆشم /naːfɪɾoːʃɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | difiroşî دفرۆشی /dɪfɪɾoːʃiː/ | nafiroşî نافرۆشی /naːfɪɾoːʃiː/ |
| 3sg | ew | difiroşe دفرۆشە /dɪfɪɾoːʃɛ/ | nafiroşe نافرۆشە /naːfɪɾoːʃɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | difiroşin دفرۆشن /dɪfɪɾoːʃɯn/ | nafiroşin نافرۆشن /naːfɪɾoːʃɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | difiroşin دفرۆشن /dɪfɪɾoːʃɯn/ | nafiroşin نافرۆشن /naːfɪɾoːʃɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | difiroşin دفرۆشن /dɪfɪɾoːʃɯn/ | nafiroşin نافرۆشن /naːfɪɾoːʃɯn/ |
Subjunctive
| person | pronoun | Subjunctive | Subjunctive negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ez | bifiroşim بفرۆشم /bɪfɪɾoːʃɯm/ | nefiroşim نەفرۆشم /nɛfɪɾoːʃɯm/ |
| 2sg | tu | bifiroşî بفرۆشی /bɪfɪɾoːʃiː/ | nefiroşî نەفرۆشی /nɛfɪɾoːʃiː/ |
| 3sg | ew | bifiroşe بفرۆشە /bɪfɪɾoːʃɛ/ | nefiroşe نەفرۆشە /nɛfɪɾoːʃɛ/ |
| 1pl | em | bifiroşin بفرۆشن /bɪfɪɾoːʃɯn/ | nefiroşin نەفرۆشن /nɛfɪɾoːʃɯn/ |
| 2pl | hûn | bifiroşin بفرۆشن /bɪfɪɾoːʃɯn/ | nefiroşin نەفرۆشن /nɛfɪɾoːʃɯn/ |
| 3pl | ew | bifiroşin بفرۆشن /bɪfɪɾoːʃɯn/ | nefiroşin نەفرۆشن /nɛfɪɾoːʃɯn/ |
Simple past
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Simple past | Past negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | firotim فرۆتم /fɪɾoːtɯm/ | nefirotim نەفرۆتم /nɛfɪɾoːtɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | firotî فرۆتی /fɪɾoːtiː/ | nefirotî نەفرۆتی /nɛfɪɾoːtiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | firot فرۆت /fɪɾoːt/ | nefirot نەفرۆت /nɛfɪɾoːt/ |
| 1pl | me | em | firotin فرۆتن /fɪɾoːtɯn/ | nefirotin نەفرۆتن /nɛfɪɾoːtɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | firotin فرۆتن /fɪɾoːtɯn/ | nefirotin نەفرۆتن /nɛfɪɾoːtɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | firotin فرۆتن /fɪɾoːtɯn/ | nefirotin نەفرۆتن /nɛfɪɾoːtɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Past progressive
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Past progressive | Past progressive negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | difirotim دفرۆتم /dɪfɪɾoːtɯm/ | nedifirotim نەدفرۆتم /nɛdɪfɪɾoːtɯm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | difirotî دفرۆتی /dɪfɪɾoːtiː/ | nedifirotî نەدفرۆتی /nɛdɪfɪɾoːtiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | difirot دفرۆت /dɪfɪɾoːt/ | nedifirot نەدفرۆت /nɛdɪfɪɾoːt/ |
| 1pl | me | em | difirotin دفرۆتن /dɪfɪɾoːtɯn/ | nedifirotin نەدفرۆتن /nɛdɪfɪɾoːtɯn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | difirotin دفرۆتن /dɪfɪɾoːtɯn/ | nedifirotin نەدفرۆتن /nɛdɪfɪɾoːtɯn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | difirotin دفرۆتن /dɪfɪɾoːtɯn/ | nedifirotin نەدفرۆتن /nɛdɪfɪɾoːtɯn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Perfect tenses
| person | agent (oblique) | object (direct) | Present perfect | Past perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | min | ez | firotime فرۆتمە /fɪɾoːtɪmɛ/ | firotibûm فرۆتبووم /fɪɾoːtɪbuːm/ |
| 2sg | te | tu | firotiyî فرۆتیی /fɪɾoːtɪjiː/ | firotibûyî فرۆتبوویی /fɪɾoːtɪbuːjiː/ |
| 3sg | wî / wê | ew | firotiye فرۆتیە /fɪɾoːtɪjɛ/ | firotibû فرۆتبوو /fɪɾoːtɪbuː/ |
| 1pl | me | em | firotine فرۆتنە /fɪɾoːtɪnɛ/ | firotibûn فرۆتبوون /fɪɾoːtɪbuːn/ |
| 2pl | we | hûn | firotine فرۆتنە /fɪɾoːtɪnɛ/ | firotibûn فرۆتبوون /fɪɾoːtɪbuːn/ |
| 3pl | wan | ew | firotine فرۆتنە /fɪɾoːtɪnɛ/ | firotibûn فرۆتبوون /fɪɾoːtɪbuːn/ |
Past tenses of a transitive verb are ergative: the agent is oblique and the verb agrees with the object (the object column), e.g. min tu dîtî "I saw you".
Imperative
| person | pronoun | Imperative | Prohibitive |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2sg | tu | bifiroşe بفرۆشە /bɪfɪɾoːʃɛ/ | nefiroşe نەفرۆشە /nɛfɪɾoːʃɛ/ |
| 2pl | hûn | bifiroşin بفرۆشن /bɪfɪɾoːʃɯn/ | nefiroşin نەفرۆشن /nɛfɪɾoːʃɯn/ |
Other forms
| form | Kurdish | Arabic script |
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | firotin | فرۆتن |
| past participle | firotî | فرۆتی |